{"id":2023,"date":"2022-05-16T16:57:08","date_gmt":"2022-05-16T14:57:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/pisg\/?p=2023"},"modified":"2022-05-16T16:57:08","modified_gmt":"2022-05-16T14:57:08","slug":"t-66-4-135-150","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023","title":{"rendered":"T.66.4, 135-150"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>Changes in patterns of territorial distribution of foreign direct investment in Latin American and Caribbean region <\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Zmiany w sposobie rozmieszczenia terytorialnego bezpo\u015brednich inwestycji zagranicznych w Ameryce \u0141aci\u0144skiej i regionie Karaib\u00f3w <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong> Peter JAN\u010cOVI\u010c <\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">University of Economics in Bratislava<br \/>Faculty of International Relations<br \/>e-mail: peter.jancovic@euba.sk<br \/>ORCID: 0000-0002-1470-9163<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong> Martin GRE\u0160\u0160 <\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">University of Economics in Bratislava<br \/>Faculty of International Relations<br \/>e-mail: martin.gress@euba.sk<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The aim of this paper is to categorize Latin American and Caribbean countries into broader groups according to the similarities and dissimilarities between them in terms of the level (attractiveness) and determinants of FDI inflows, with regard to the two different periods. In terms of methodology, we employ agglomerative hierarchical clustering technique. The results of cluster analysis indicate that during the decade ending in 2019 there was a change in the attractiveness for FDI at the country level. In 2012, the best-performing clusters in terms of FDI inward flows as a percentage of GDP consisted of Latin American economies with the highest levels of development \u2013 Costa Rica, Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina and Chile. These countries exhibited good results in stock of infrastructure, level of human capital and all institutional and political variables, regardless of variables such as natural resource endowments or labour costs. This suggests that the motives of FDI inflows in more advanced Latin American countries were relatively diversified. In 2019, the cluster consisting of Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Guatemala, the Dominican Republic and Mexico became the most attractive in terms of average FDI inflows as a percentage of GDP. This cluster performs better in locational determinants peculiar to the efficiency-seeking motive of FDI, such as low labour costs, low total tax and contribution rate and high degree of trade openness. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key words:<\/strong> cluster analysis, foreign direct investment, Latin America and the Caribbean, motives for FDI <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wp\u0142yn\u0119\u0142o: 03.06.2021<br \/>Zaakceptowano: 19.10.2021<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zalecany spos\u00f3b cytowania \/ Cite as: <\/strong>Jan\u010dovi\u010d P., Gre\u0161\u0161 M., 2021, Changes in patterns of territorial distribution of foreign direct investment in Latin American and Caribbean region, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydzia\u0142 Geografii i Studi\u00f3w Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 135\u2013150, DOI: 10.48128\/pisg\/2021-66.4-09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/135-150_Jancovic_Gress.pdf\">Pobierz ca\u0142y tekst w pdf \/ Get full text (pdf format)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Changes in patterns of territorial distribution of foreign direct investment in Latin American and Caribbean region Zmiany w sposobie rozmieszczenia terytorialnego bezpo\u015brednich inwestycji zagranicznych w Ameryce \u0141aci\u0144skiej i regionie Karaib\u00f3w Peter JAN\u010cOVI\u010c University of Economics in BratislavaFaculty of International Relationse-mail: peter.jancovic@euba.skORCID: 0000-0002-1470-9163 Martin GRE\u0160\u0160 University of Economics in BratislavaFaculty of International Relationse-mail: martin.gress@euba.sk Abstract: The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[367],"tags":[725,1051,1511,1723],"class_list":["post-2023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-t-66-z-4","tag-cluster-analysis","tag-foreign-direct-investment","tag-latin-america-and-the-caribbean","tag-motives-for-fdi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>T.66.4, 135-150<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Foreign direct investment (FDI), as an essential component of international capital flows, has become a major source of external development finance in...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T.66.4, 135-150\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Foreign direct investment (FDI), as an essential component of international capital flows, has become a major source of external development finance in...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Prace i Studia Geograficzne | Studies in Geography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-05-16T14:57:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?p=2023#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?p=2023\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4319a3afe6bdc41cb68a6f19904cf3d1\"},\"headline\":\"T.66.4, 135-150\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-16T14:57:08+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?p=2023\"},\"wordCount\":360,\"keywords\":[\"cluster analysis\",\"foreign direct investment\",\"Latin America and the Caribbean\",\"motives for FDI\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Tom 66 zeszyt 4\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?p=2023\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?p=2023\",\"name\":\"T.66.4, 135-150\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-16T14:57:08+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4319a3afe6bdc41cb68a6f19904cf3d1\"},\"description\":\"Foreign direct investment (FDI), as an essential component of international capital flows, has become a major source of external development finance in...\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?p=2023#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?p=2023\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?p=2023#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"T.66.4, 135-150\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/\",\"name\":\"Prace i Studia Geograficzne | Studies in Geography\",\"description\":\"Prace i Studia Geograficzne s\u0105 recenzowanym czasopismem wydawanym przez Wydzia\u0142 Geografii i Studi\u00f3w Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4319a3afe6bdc41cb68a6f19904cf3d1\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e3024a755c5fbc1ace38d4f982bb75ce5b72b96d086e4cc4797672a4e9b223c8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e3024a755c5fbc1ace38d4f982bb75ce5b72b96d086e4cc4797672a4e9b223c8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e3024a755c5fbc1ace38d4f982bb75ce5b72b96d086e4cc4797672a4e9b223c8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\\\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"T.66.4, 135-150","description":"Foreign direct investment (FDI), as an essential component of international capital flows, has become a major source of external development finance in...","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023","og_locale":"pl_PL","og_type":"article","og_title":"T.66.4, 135-150","og_description":"Foreign direct investment (FDI), as an essential component of international capital flows, has become a major source of external development finance in...","og_url":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023","og_site_name":"Prace i Studia Geograficzne | Studies in Geography","article_published_time":"2022-05-16T14:57:08+00:00","author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Napisane przez":"admin","Szacowany czas czytania":"2 minuty"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/4319a3afe6bdc41cb68a6f19904cf3d1"},"headline":"T.66.4, 135-150","datePublished":"2022-05-16T14:57:08+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023"},"wordCount":360,"keywords":["cluster analysis","foreign direct investment","Latin America and the Caribbean","motives for FDI"],"articleSection":["Tom 66 zeszyt 4"],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023","url":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023","name":"T.66.4, 135-150","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/#website"},"datePublished":"2022-05-16T14:57:08+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/4319a3afe6bdc41cb68a6f19904cf3d1"},"description":"Foreign direct investment (FDI), as an essential component of international capital flows, has become a major source of external development finance in...","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?p=2023#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna","item":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"T.66.4, 135-150"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/","name":"Prace i Studia Geograficzne | Studies in Geography","description":"Prace i Studia Geograficzne s\u0105 recenzowanym czasopismem wydawanym przez Wydzia\u0142 Geografii i Studi\u00f3w Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/4319a3afe6bdc41cb68a6f19904cf3d1","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e3024a755c5fbc1ace38d4f982bb75ce5b72b96d086e4cc4797672a4e9b223c8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e3024a755c5fbc1ace38d4f982bb75ce5b72b96d086e4cc4797672a4e9b223c8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e3024a755c5fbc1ace38d4f982bb75ce5b72b96d086e4cc4797672a4e9b223c8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl"],"url":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2023","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2023"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2023\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pisg.wgsr.uw.edu.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}