Author Archive: Ola

T. 66.4, s. 73-88

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Koncepcja miasta inteligentnego (Smart City) i propozycje jej zastosowania w warunkach krajów wschodzących

The Smart City concept and proposals for its application in the emerging countries

Ryszard E. ROZGA LUTER
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Lerma (México)
Departamento de Procesos Sociales y Facultad
de Planeación Urbana y Regional UAEM-Toluca
e-mail: r.rozga@correo.ler.uam.mx
ORCID: 0000-0002-3290-0076

Abstract: The objective of this text consists, first, in analyzing different concepts of the smart city, a concept that has already been in existence for some years. Subsequently, the three models of the Smart City are presented: original with an accent on technology, the most widespread that we can already call “the classic” consisting of six constituent blocks and the scalable one proposed for emerging countries. The work ends with some proposals for implementation strategies for the Smart City, organized according to three criteria: the degree of maturity of the city, socio-political implementation strategies and scope of the changes introduced.

Key words: Smart City, implementation strategies, stage model

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Rozga Luter R.E., 2021, Koncepcja miasta inteligentnego (smart city) i propozycje jej zastosowania w warunkach krajów wschodzących, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 73–88, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.4-05

Wpłynęło: 12.09.2021
Zaakceptowano: 01.04.2022

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T. 66.4, s. 119-134

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Guanacaste tourist mega-projects. Local perceptions for the future solutions

Megaprojekty turystyczne w Guanacaste. Lokalne percepcje rozwiązań na przyszłość

Katarzyna DEMBICZ
Uniwersytet Warszawski
Instytut Studiów Iberyjskich i Iberoamerykańskich
e-mail: khdembic@uw.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0002-8023-088X
Xinia CARRILLO
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Campus Liberia
email: xinia.carrillo.sanchez@una.cr
ORCID: 0000-0002-9851-9366

Abstract: The health crisis and the global freezing of economies have showed the deep dependence of many communities in the world on one sector of the economy. In the case of Costa Rica, this is what happened in the province of Guanacaste, in the northwest of the country. Over the past three decades, this peripheral area and one of the poorest in Costa Rica has become a very attractive region for investors, both foreign and domestic, investing their funds mainly in the tourism sector. During this period, many mega-projects were constructed that changed not only the social, economic and cultural life of local people, but also influenced the natural environment. In this article, we describe major investments in economic infrastructure and their contribution to the development of the tourism sector. We analyse the threats posed by the huge dependence of the Guanacaste region on tourism. Taking into account local experiences and perceptions based on field research and interviews, we are also considering the legitimacy of promoting tourism as a development path for this region, strongly promoted by the Costa Rican central government.

Key words: mega-projects, Costa Rica, tourism, development policies, impact of the pandemic

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Dembicz K., Carrillo X., 2021, Guanacaste tourist mega-projects. Local perceptions for the future solutions, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 119–134, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.4-08

Wpłynęło: 30.06.2021
Zaakceptowano: 23.11.2021

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T.66.4, 135-150

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Changes in patterns of territorial distribution of foreign direct investment in Latin American and Caribbean region

Zmiany w sposobie rozmieszczenia terytorialnego bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych w Ameryce Łacińskiej i regionie Karaibów

Peter JANČOVIČ
University of Economics in Bratislava
Faculty of International Relations
e-mail: peter.jancovic@euba.sk
ORCID: 0000-0002-1470-9163
Martin GREŠŠ
University of Economics in Bratislava
Faculty of International Relations
e-mail: martin.gress@euba.sk

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to categorize Latin American and Caribbean countries into broader groups according to the similarities and dissimilarities between them in terms of the level (attractiveness) and determinants of FDI inflows, with regard to the two different periods. In terms of methodology, we employ agglomerative hierarchical clustering technique. The results of cluster analysis indicate that during the decade ending in 2019 there was a change in the attractiveness for FDI at the country level. In 2012, the best-performing clusters in terms of FDI inward flows as a percentage of GDP consisted of Latin American economies with the highest levels of development – Costa Rica, Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina and Chile. These countries exhibited good results in stock of infrastructure, level of human capital and all institutional and political variables, regardless of variables such as natural resource endowments or labour costs. This suggests that the motives of FDI inflows in more advanced Latin American countries were relatively diversified. In 2019, the cluster consisting of Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Guatemala, the Dominican Republic and Mexico became the most attractive in terms of average FDI inflows as a percentage of GDP. This cluster performs better in locational determinants peculiar to the efficiency-seeking motive of FDI, such as low labour costs, low total tax and contribution rate and high degree of trade openness.

Key words: cluster analysis, foreign direct investment, Latin America and the Caribbean, motives for FDI

Wpłynęło: 03.06.2021
Zaakceptowano: 19.10.2021

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Jančovič P., Grešš M., 2021, Changes in patterns of territorial distribution of foreign direct investment in Latin American and Caribbean region, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 135–150, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.4-09

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T.66.4, s. 99-118

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Zmiany w przestrzeni Juraty pod wpływem turystyki

Changes in the space of Jurata due to tourism

Małgorzata DURYDIWKA
Uniwersytet Warszawski
Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
e-mail: mdurydiw@uw.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0001-8891-3215
Magdalena MACIEJEWSKA
Uniwersytet Warszawski
Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
e-mail: mj.maciejewska@student.uw.edu.pl

Abstract: The paper presents changes in the space of Jurata due to tourism. The analysis of changes was carried out according to four stages: 1920s and 1930s, period of World War II, period from 1945 to 1989, and after 1989, using archival materials, literature and quantitative data on tourist infrastructure. In the 1930s, Jurata was an elite tourist resort, as evidenced by the nature of the accommodation facilities and the profile of visiting tourists. In the post-war period, it changed its character to egalitarian. Today, it is a place with a very well-developed tourist function (e.g. Baretje’s and Defert’s index for Jurata is 998.5) and an eclectic character, which can be seen in the space of the village. There are less and less wooden houses in it, but more and more modern facilities with large cubature, which at times differs from the modernist past of Jurata.

Key words: tourism, seaside localities, spatial development, tourist function, Jurata

Wpłynęło: 29.09.2021
Zaakceptowano: 21.01.2022

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Durydiwka M., Maciejewska M., 2021, Zmiany w przestrzeni Juraty pod wpływem turystyki, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 99–118, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.4-07

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T. 66.4, s. 89-97

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Wykorzystanie koncepcji zabezpieczenia egzystencji w badaniach jakości życia obszarów peryferyjnych w Polsce Wschodniej na przykładzie województwa lubelskiego

The concept of sustainable livelihood in studies on the quality of life of peripheral areas in Eastern Poland on the example of the Lubelskie Voivodeship

Wioletta KAŁAMUCKA
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie
Wydział Nauk o Ziemi i Gospodarki Przestrzennej
e-mail: wkalamuc@umcs.pl
ORCID: 0000-0003-1003-6544

Abstract: The aim of the study is to present the differentiation of quality of life of inhabitants in peripheral areas of Eastern Poland, using the concept of livelihood security. The detailed study covered three communes of Lubelskie voivodeship with different natural environment and socio-economic conditions. The research used the method of questionnaire and interviews. The results of the study confirmed that the use of the concept of livelihood security enables an exhaustive analysis of the quality of life and makes it possible to obtain a coherent, unencumbered by sectoralism, and therefore more complete description of this phenomenon.

Key words: quality of life, sustainable livelihood, qualitative research, rural areas, Eastern Poland

Wpłynęło: 09.07.2021
Zaakceptowano: 04.02.2022

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Kałamucka W., 2021, Wykorzystanie koncepcji zabezpieczenia egzystencji w badaniach jakości życia obszarów peryferyjnych w Polsce Wschodniej na przykładzie województwa lubelskiego, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 89–97, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.4-06

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T.66.4, s. 63-72

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Post-pandemic cities: urban ghettos or urban commons?

Miasta post-pandemiczne: miejskie getta czy miejskie wspólnoty?

Robert ŁUCZAK
independent
e-mail: robert@robertluczak.eu
ORCID: 0000-0001-7251-7664

Abstract: This article examines potential impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on key aspects of urban development: the functioning of individuals in physical sense (human bodies) in a city, urban morphology and landuse, urban mobility, as well as economic activities and service provision. The goal is to answer the question on how and to what extent the pandemic might reshape the cities and what the potential post-pandemic urban scenarios are. The analysed urban phenomena are projected against major dichotomy of urban ghettos vs. urban commons. The former is defined as further social segregation and spatial isolation, whereas the latter is based on multiple ideas inspired by the original definition of a city by Lewis Mumford. The article is concluded with two basic, symbolic, and opposite scenarios highlighting the fact that the pandemic might have opened a window of opportunity for cities to rethink their development pathways and reinvent their cultural, as well as socio-economic role.

Key words: Urban development, urban sustainability, pandemic, COVID-19, commons

Wpłynęło: 15.07.2021
Zaakceptowano: 07.02.2022

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Łuczak R., 2021, Post-pandemic cities: urban ghettos or urban commons?, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 63–72, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.4-04

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T. 66.4, s. 49-61

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Urban agriculture and shortened supply chain – different approaches to local food production

Rolnictwo miejskie i skrócony łańcuch dostaw – różne podejścia do lokalnej produkcji żywności

Ada GÓRNA
Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Uniwersytet Warszawski
e-mail: ada.gorna@uw.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0003-1591-7260

Abstract: The aim of this article is to describe the supply chains in which urban agriculture operates in four selected cities – Havana, Kigali, Bissau and Singapore. The analysis based on the results of the fieldwork conducted in 2018–2020 comprises both the spatial dimension of the supply chain as well as the number of actors along the products’ route. It is argued here that despite the fact that operating in a shortened supply chain is considered a typical feature of urban agriculture, its benefits depend on local economic, social and spatial conditions, the organization and structure of the supply chain itself, as well as the distance between particular actors and the role they perform. The results of the analysis of diverse cases located in different regions of the world show that the positive effects of bringing food production closer to the place of consumption are indeed not arbitrary and further research regarding the structure of the supply and also value chain is needed.

Key words: urban agriculture, supply chain, local food production, Havana, Kigali, Bissau, Singapore

Wpłynęło: 16.07.2021
Zaakceptowano: 18.01.2022

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Górna A., 2021, Urban agriculture and shortened supply chain – different approaches to local food production, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 49–61, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.4-03

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T. 66.4, s. 29-47

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Strength of weak ties in low income neighbourhoods of Medellín, Colombia

Siła słabych więzi w ubogich osiedlach w Medellín, w Kolumbii

Ewelina BICZYŃSKA
University of Warsaw
Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies
e-mail: em.biczynska@uw.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0001-5214-8590

Abstract: The article links the quality of available public spaces and physical space composition with social capital. Colombian city – Medellín is chosen as this particular city has gone through a tremendous transformation and is rich with different kinds of an urban environment, including traditional low-income neighbourhoods as well as social housing in the form of blocks of flats. The study discusses types of social capital that appear in neighbourhoods and points at the special importance of weak ties for the sense of security, comfort, and quality of life. The results also show that space composition can impact construction of social capital.

Key words: social capital, community, neighbourhood, barrio, sense of security, weak ties

Wpłynęło: 07.07.2021
Zaakceptowano: 30.01.2022

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Biczńska E., 2021, Strength of weak ties in low income neighbourhoods of Medellín, Colombia, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 29–47, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.4-02

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T. 66.4, s. 13-27

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Changes in new and old informal urban settlements in Bogota: logic of need and logic of the market: two case studies

Zmiany w nowych i starych nieformalnych osiedlach miejskich w Bogocie: logika potrzeb i logika rynku: dwa studia przypadku

Maria Elena BOTERO OSPINA
Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
e-mail: maria.botero@urosario.edu.co
ORCID: 0000-0001-8004-1264

Abstract: Urban policies conceive informal urbanization as a phenomenon to be eliminated or regularized. However, the “informal city” does not exist separately from formality, so it is necessary to understand how its actors, institutions and social arrangements function. This article, resulting from research1 , shows the changes produced in the motivations for the formation and destiny of old and new informal neighborhoods in Bogota in the light of a comparison between the Potosi neighborhood and the El Eden neighborhood. The objective is to show that the way in which the State assumes urban informality, far from meeting the needs of access to land and housing for the poorest people in the cities, generates a vicious circle where, on one hand, illegal economies win, from the illegal appropriation of land and its subsequent commercialization by “Tierreros”2 and “Urbanizadores Piratas”3 ; and on the other hand, the logics of need and the logics of the market overlap in access to land and housing in informal conditions.

Key words: Urban Informality, Dual City, Territorialities, Temporalities, Public Policy

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Botero Ospina M.E., 2021, Changes in new and old informal urban settlements in Bogota: logic of need and logic of the market: two case studies, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.4, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 13–27, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.4-01

Wpłynęło: 25.06.2021
Zaakceptowano: 28.01.2022

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T. 66.3, s. 89-103

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Przekształcenie obszaru wysoczyzny lessowej pod wpływem gospodarczej działalności człowieka w neoholocenie (na wybranych przykładach z okolic Mozgawy, Ponidzie Pińczowskie)

Transformation of the loessic plateau due to the human economic activity in the Neoholocene (a case study of Mozgawa area, SE part of Nida River basin)

Piotr SZWARCZEWSKI
Uniwersytet Warszawski
Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
e-mail: pfszwarc@uw.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0002-6104-1426

Abstract: The Mozgawa area, located in the Ponidzie Pińczowskie Region (SE part of the Nida River Basin), is a very good example of response of the natural environment to the progressive human impact. The research conducted there indicates that before the appearance of the first Neolithic farmers, the relief of the area was different to the modern one. Constant and intensive agricultural use of the loess plateau and the adjacent slopes (started in the Neolithic period some 5890±100 BP) led to the filling of the valley bottoms and local depressions with deluvial deposits, the thickness of which reaches up to 12 m. The deposition of these sediments and elevation of the surface level in the subordinate areas resulted in the creation of the Mozgawka River channel since the begining of the Roman Period. Formerly it was impossible (as it was within the depression) and the runoff was only through the karst system. Since that moment it has also started the accumulation of the alluvial fan, the progradation of which leads to the pushing of the Nida River channel towards the East.

Key words: land use changes, the Neolith period, radiocarbon dating, deluvial deposits, Ponidzie

Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Szwarczewski P., 2021, Przekształcenie obszaru wysoczyzny lessowej pod wpływem gospodarczej działalności człowieka w neoholocenie (na wybranych przykładach z okolic Mozgawy, Ponidzie Pińczowskie), Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 66.3, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 89–103, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2021-66.3-07.

Wpłynęło: 17.11.2021
Zaakceptowano: 29.12.2021

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