Disturbances of natural and cultural landscape as an element of controversies in tourism – assessment based on the analysis of stress hormones in saliva
Zakłócenia krajobrazu naturalnego i kulturowego jako element kontrowersji w turystyce – ocena na podstawie analizy hormonów stresu w ślinie
Grzegorz GODLEWSKI
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poland
Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences
email: grzgod@amu.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0002-5860-1795
Magdalena KUGIEJKO
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poland
Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences
email: kugiejko@amu.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0002-2355-6429
Małgorzata CHARMAS
Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw
Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska
email: malgorzata.charmas@awf.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0003-1558-181
Adam AUGUSTYNIAK
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poland
Center for Advanced Technology
email: aaugustyniak@amu.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0002-0818-5404
Jakub RYBKA
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poland
Center for Advanced Technology
email: jakryb@amu.edu.pl
ORCID: 0000-0002-9633-9900
Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the relationships between identification of specific elements of disturbed natural and cultural landscape and basic biochemical reactions in study participants, namely the presence of stress hormones in saliva. The authors also intended to verify a new research method in the field of tourism and landscape assessment, involving concentration measurement of steroid hormones: cortisol (C), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and testosterone (T). The results indicate that all respondents were in agreement as to which factors disturbed the landscapes presented. However, their subjective feelings were not reflected in the biochemical reactions. Therefore, the authenticity of landscape, so crucial for tourism, seems less important than expected. The lack of a strong reaction to disturbed landscape is surprising, especially in the context of tourism, in which natural and cultural assets are some of the major factors affecting purchasing decisions and principal travel motives. This situation may be a strong prognostic in the context of sustainable tourism and environment protection. This knowledge may be used by planners and spatial development experts in designing landscapes as well as in assessing the visitors’/tourists’ perception of landscape.
Key words: natural and cultural landscapes, hormones in saliva, abiotic stress, controversy in tourism
Zalecany sposób cytowania / Cite as: Godlewski G. i in., 2023, Disturbances of natural and cultural landscape as an element of controversies in tourism – assessment based on the analysis of stress hormones in saliva, Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 68.1, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 23–41, DOI: 10.48128/pisg/2023-68.1-02
Wpłynęło: 22.12.2022
Zaakceptowano: 19.06.2023